Topic outline
This e-learning course introduces the methodology for analysing public expenditure on forests to enhance policy coherence and foster synergies between agriculture and forestry. Learners will explore public expenditure classification systems – such as the function-based classification and the forest pathway, outcome-based classification – which facilitate policy linkages and support alignment with strategic objectives across both sectors. The course explains how to identify, classify and analyse forest-related public expenditures and align them with national and global climate and biodiversity goals.



This course will benefit a diverse audience, such as:
- Government officials and policymakers working in forestry, environment, agriculture, finance, or planning ministries, as well as in central banks.
- Technical officers and analysts involved in public expenditure reviews or budgeting.
- Development partners, donors, and civil society organizations supporting forest and biodiversity strategies.
- Researchers and students interested in forest governance, economics, and sustainable finance.
- The role of public expenditure reviews (PERs) in strengthening policy coherence between agriculture and forestry sectors.
- How to apply expenditure classification systems such as Monitoring and Analysing Food and Agricultural Policies (MAFAP), Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG), and the new function-based classification, and forest pathway outcome-based classification.
- How to link public spending to national policies and global biodiversity and climate targets using forest pathway classifications.
- Identifying inefficiencies, harmful subsidies and opportunities for repurposing.
- Using expenditure data to enhance fiscal transparency and evidence-based policymaking.
The course consists of two lessons of approximately 45 minutes duration each:
- Lesson 1 – Introduction to global reporting on public expenditures and forests
- Lesson 2 – Public expenditure analysis methodology for forests
This course runs on the latest versions of the major browsers, such as Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox and Apple Safari.
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Digital certification
This course offers certification. You will get your digital badge upon passing a final exam after completing the course and achieving a grade of at least 75%. Please click on the button below to complete the exam, or refer to our Certification section to learn more.
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